employment are determined by optimizing choices in an imperfectly competitive setting. It turns out that underemployment …

This paper analyses theoretically and empirically how employment subsidies should be targeted. We contrast measures … efficiency" (AWE). Thereby we can identify policies that (a)improve employment and welfare, (b)do not raise earnings inequality …

This paper views movements in unemployment as the result of the interaction between: (a) lags in labour market … decisions; and (b) labour market shocks with temporary and permanent components. Two features of unemployment dynamics are … examined: (i) `unemployment persistence', arising when temporary shocks have persistent effects on unemployment; and (ii …

people's employment incentives and could achieve reductions in unemployment without reducing the level of support to the …We explore the far-reaching implications of replacing current unemployment benefit (UB) systems by an unemployment … balances in these accounts are available to them during periods of unemployment. The government is able to undertake balanced …

This Paper presents a reappraisal of unemployment movements in the European Union. Our analysis is based on the chain … reaction theory of unemployment, which focuses on (a) the interaction among labour market adjustment processes, (b) the … unemployment responses to each shock. Our analysis permits us to distinguish between the short- and long-run effects of the shocks …

The paper explores the influence of job security provisions on employment and unemployment. We show that this influence …’ bargaining power in wage negotiations. Specifically, costs of firing and hiring reduce employment and stimulate unemployment when … offers an explanation for Europe’s favourable unemployment performance vis-à-vis the United States in the 1950s and 1960s …

This paper explores the two common concepts of the natural rate of unemployment: (i) the stable, long-run equilibrium … rate of unemployment; and (ii) the equilibrium unemployment rate at which there is no tendency for this rate to change … towards which the equilibrium unemployment rate tends with the passage of time). Specifically, it is not a reference point in …