effect on income. However, in Africa rugged terrain afforded protection to those being raided by slave traders. Since the … slave trade retarded subsequent economic development, in Africa ruggedness also has had a historical indirect positive … Africa the indirect positive effect dominates the direct negative effect. Looking within Africa, we provide evidence that the …

This paper proposes a simultaneous-equation approach to the estimation of the contribution of transport infrastructure … accumulation to regional growth. We model explicitly the political-economy process driving infrastructure investments; in doing so … that shape infrastructure policy. Our empirical findings on a panel of France's regions over 1985-91 suggest that influence …

infrastructure to the transition process. In addition to the direct cost savings, infrastructure investment generates important … indirect effects, or transition impacts. The model shows that, by reducing transaction costs, infrastructure intensifies … model, infrastructure also increases the incentives for low-cost firms to restructure which generates additional efficiency …

We work with a panel of bilateral trade flows from 1988 to 2002, exploring the influence of infrastructure … the institutions and infrastructure literature in this respect, using selection-based gravity modeling of trade flows. We … also depart from this literature by mixing principal components (to condense our institutional and infrastructure measures …

simultaneously accounts for the real network infrastructure, a distance cost (fuel, repair, tolls), and a time opportunity cost …

How should a policy-maker prioritize interventions to improve the public infrastructure with which firms operate and … public input character of physical infrastructure and institutions, and uses an O-ring production function to model the … impact of poor quality infrastructure on output. Using survey data from over 72,000 firms in 95 countries, we verify the …