democracy disappears once including country fixed effects. This paper tests the hypothesis that the effect of income on … democracy might differ systematically across countries. A replication of the estimation in a less restrictive empirical … framework provides evidence for significant but heterogeneous effects of income on democracy for former colonies and non …

Over the last two centuries, many countries experienced regime transitions toward democracy. We document this … democratic transition over a long time horizon. We use historical time series of income, education and democracy levels from 1870 … to 2000 to explore the economic factors associated with rising levels of democracy. We find that primary schooling, and …

there exists a distribution of resources such that democracy emerges in equilibrium, but there are distributions of … resources for which democracy is infeasible in equilibrium irrespective of the level of development. The model also delivers … results on the stability of democracy with regard to changes in the economic and demographic environment. The results are …

evaluate separately the impact of political institutions linked to democracy and suffrage and of those institutions more …

public schooling. We develop a theory which integrates private education and fertility decisions with voting on public … theory are consistent with state-level and micro data from the United States as well as cross-country evidence from the PISA …

We use a sample of 147 countries to investigate the link between democracy and reforms. Democracy may be conducive to … institutions. The results provide a robust support for the claim that democracy is good for growth-enhancing reforms. …

parametric estimates may have seriously underestimated the growth effects of democracy. In particular, we find an average … negative effect on growth of leaving democracy on the order of -2 percentage points implying effects on income per capita as …

selectorate in specific instances of successful autocracy. We also show that, consistent with the theory, leadership turnover in …

We develop a theory of interstate conflict in which the degree of genealogical relatedness between populations has a … that affect conflict, including measures of trade and democracy. …

, however, which can explain why this redistribution often takes an inefficient form. In this paper we develop a theory of why …