manufacturing sector, where there is evidence of a much greater degree of stationarity of comparative labour productivity … manufacturing suggest that convergence of GDP per worker must have occurred through trends in other sectors and through …

manufacturing industries. The comparisons are based on the industry of origin approach which makes use of information on value added … and employment derived from production statistics. Output is converted to a common currency with unit value ratios which … are based on values at producer prices for individually matched products. This study shows that for the manufacturing …

The paper analyzes a variety of government policies that can stimulate employment when unemployment is generated … may be ineffective. We show how supply side policies can stimulate employment by raising worker productivity or reducing … effect on employment unless these policies stimulate labor productivity, the entry of firms, capital utilization or …

, and 20th), we estimate a robust and significant time-varying, non-monotonic effect of climatic temperature upon current … incomes for a cross-section of 167 countries. We find a large, positive effect of 18th century climatic temperature and an … even larger, negative effect of 19th century climatic temperature upon current incomes. When historic, climatic temperature …

We estimate a time series model of weather shocks on English wheat yields for the early nineteenth century and use it … to predict weather effects on yield levels from 1697 to 1871. This reveals that yields in the 1690s were depressed by … unusually poor weather; and those in the late 1850s were inflated by unusually good weather. This has led researchers to …

manufacturing. Using a unique industry dataset compiled from EU KLEMS and PATSTAT, it explores which countries and industries reveal … Denmark have the highest R&D efficiency on average in total manufacturing. However, sector-specific efficiency scores reveal …

&D-intensive manufacturing industries, while it caused a significant rise in concentration in these industries. In the short run profitability …

environment. British manufacturing also adopted an American style `mission oriented' approach to R&D in contrast to the German …