measure of innovation alternative to patent count. Unlike the impact on patent count, we do not find that VC investment … impact on patent count at industry level, and this impact is larger than that of R&D expenditures. We confirm that this … unprecedented growth. We then proceed to study if this positive impact of VC is also present on productivity growth, which is a …

sufficiently better at judging an idea's value and if it is sufficiently more costly to patent low than high value ideas, VCs …-run performance, but also infl ates their acquisition prices, and lowers their acquirers' overall profits. Patent law usefulness …

innovation policy in the context of EU economic law (competition policy, intellectual property law, sector regulation). As such … law that moves beyond apparent conflicts and assumes innovation as the starting point. Taking this as the foundation, the … analytical grid to be used to identify ways in which economic law impacts innovation, and second an applied component that …

This paper addresses the relationship between patent protection and investment in the development of new pharmaceutical … Trade Organization, has increased levels of patent protection around the world. Since patents also have the potential to … patent laws and the severity of disease, we test the hypothesis that increased patent protection results in greater drug …

the hypothesis that innovation in pharmaceuticals is becoming more difficult and expensive over time, as costs of …This paper quantifies the relationship between market size and innovation in the pharmaceutical industry. We estimate … the elasticity of innovation, as measured by the number of new chemical entities appearing on the market for a given …

We develop a theory of innovation for entry and sale into oligopoly, and show that an invention of higher quality is …

We explore the relationship between innovation activity, productivity, and exports using a panel of Spanish … innovation seems to explain the positive association between exports and productivity for this group of firms. For small non … manufacturing firms for 1990-1998. Our results - based on non-parametric tests - suggest that firm innovation status is important in …

constraints affect a firm's innovation and export activities. Theoretical predictions are tested using unique firm survey data … the technological frontiers. Furthermore, the negative effect of financial constraints on productivity is amplified as … these constraints force export and innovation activities to become substitutes even when these activities are natural …