costs of children and do not rise proportionally with family size. In addition, forgone earnings are sensitive to the …The opportunity costs of rearing British children, in terms of cash earnings forgone by their mother, are estimated for … a typical family. Data from the 1980 Women and Employment Survey provide estimates for hourly pay as a function of work …

undesirable behavior. Parents want the best for their children. Still, they weigh the marginal gains from socializing their …Societies socialize children about sex. This is done in the presence of peer-group effects, which may encourage … children against its costs. Churches and states may stigmatize sex, both because of a concern about the welfare of their flocks …

capture her direct family experience. We find that both variables are significant determinants of fertility, even after …This paper attempts to disentangle the direct effects of experience from those of culture in determining fertility. We … use the GSS to examine the fertility of women born in the US but from different ethnic backgrounds. We take lagged values …

fertility behaviour of women 30-40 years old, born in the US, but whose parents were born elsewhere. We use past female labour … force participation and total fertility rates from the country of ancestry as our cultural proxies. These variables should … explanatory power for individual work and fertility outcomes, even after controlling for possible indirect effects of culture (e …

The paper develops a model of family size decisions in which couples choose explicitly a combination of mother's time … and purchased child care (e.g. childminders, nannies) for the care and rearing of children. The theoretical model implies … that the impact of the mother's wage on her completed fertility varies with the market price of child care, and that this …

parents and the well-being of children in single-parent households. Noncustodial parents choose the level of a child support … welfare reforms might have on divorced parents and their children. Such adverse effects may arise because an increase in the … inefficiencies of divorced parents' decisions: that is, such an increase further depresses child support transfers from noncustodial …

Many countries are currently expanding access to child care for young children. But are all children equally likely to … (children’s age, birth weight and socio-economic background), but less so with respect to unobserved determinants of selection …

child care provision. The earnings forgone over a lifetime by a woman bearing children (compared with the earnings of her … there is also more out-of-home provision for children of and below school age. The effect on mothers' lifetime earnings of …