bundle of advertising tools (videos, texts, slogans). Stark gender differences emerge. Negative advertising increases men … conflicting evidence on the effect of negative vs. positive advertising, as the average impact may wash out when aggregated across …

and distribution costs, while computer-based editing facilitates higher quality and special effects. With electronic …

Switching costs and network effects bind customers to vendors if products are incompatible, locking customers or even …) changes in efficiency, and gives vendors lucrative ex post market power - over the same buyer in the case of switching costs … costs can encourage small-scale entry, they discourage sellers from raiding one another’s existing customers, and so also …