The effects of ISO 9000 diffusion on trade and FDI have gone understudied. We employ panel data reported by OECD … trade (i.e., enhancing exports) in developing nations. …

We estimate the respective contributions of institutions, geography, and trade in determining income levels around the … world, using recently developed instruments for institutions and trade. Our results indicate that the quality of … institutions are controlled for, trade is almost always insignificant, and often enters the income equation with the 'wrong' (i …

the institutions and infrastructure literature in this respect, using selection-based gravity modeling of trade flows. We …We work with a panel of bilateral trade flows from 1988 to 2002, exploring the influence of infrastructure …, institutional quality, colonial and geographic context, and trade preferences on the pattern of bilateral trade. We are interested …

oceanic trade. Moreover, Atlantic ports grew much faster than other West European cities, including Mediterranean ports …. Atlantic trade and colonialism affected Europe both directly and indirectly by inducing institutional changes. In particular …, the growth of New World, African and Asian trade after 1500 strengthened new segments of the commercial bourgeoisie and …

Current orthodoxy suggests that the Industrial Revolution began in Europe because European institutions promoted … comparatively high levels of market efficiency. This Paper compares the actual efficiency of markets in Europe and China, two … include: first, the efficiency of markets in China and Europe was comparable in the late 18th century, except perhaps for …

institutions to affect growth. Institutions can directly affect growth, or it can impact on trade, which in turn affects growth …. Once we separately quantify the link from institutions to trade, and trade to growth, the independent effect of … institutions on growth is small. This suggests that part of what is often understood as trade's effect on growth can be attributed …

American assets or trade seem to behave little differently than other countries; if anything, countries seem to have benefited …

adopt a model of firm heterogeneity and export participation which we estimate to match moments of the French data using the … more than half of gross profits. We use our results to simulate the effects of a counterfactual decline in bilateral trade …

This essay investigates the determinants of the growth performance of Africa. I start by illustrating a broader … institutional development. After reporting results from standard growth regressions, I analyze the role of Africa’s peculiar history … influence, in and out of Africa, of the slave trades. The essay ends with critical conclusions and suggestions for further …