unearned wages (as women drop out of the labor market), loss of human capital, and selection into more child …

Until the early decades of the 20th century, women spent more than 60% of their prime-age years either pregnant or … nursing. Since then, the introduction of infant formula reduced women's comparative advantage in infant care, by providing an … associated with women's reproductive role. We explore the hypothesis that these developments enabled married women to increase …

evidence that between 2001 and 2009 the cross-sectional relationship between fertility and women's education in the U.S. is U …-shaped. At the same time, average hours worked increase monotonically with women's education. This pattern is true for all women … baby-sitting and housekeeping. Highly educated women substitute a significant part of their own time for market services to …

We show that in the US, the UK, Italy and Sweden women whose first child is a boy are less likely to work in a typical … week and work fewer hours than women with first-born girls. The puzzle is why women in these countries react in this way to … from the literature on developing countries, we show that after a first-born boy the probability that women have more …