available and an efficiency ranking is feasible: tariffs vs. non-tariff barriers (NTBs). In our policy choice model a government ….e. tighter tariff constraints are not fully offset by the higher NTBs they generate and (ii) the decision to commit to … constraints depends on the government's bargaining power relative to SIGs. Using detailed data, we confirm that tariff constraints …

skilled workers chooses the technology. We obtain three results. First, under free trade and under a tariff the best … may not be used; in both cases per capita income and TFP are smaller than under free trade and a tariff. Third, average …

-war era, protectionism has not actually moved counter-cyclically. Tariffs and non-tariff barriers do not systematically rise …

converged to an almost uniform low level after WTO entry. We exploit sectoral variation in the extent of tariff reduction to …

The contrasting tariff regimes of Northern and Southern Ireland after 1932 must have influenced industrial structure …

We model how unemployment benefit sanctions - benefit reductions that are imposed if unemployed do not comply with job … benefit sanctions are more effective in reducing unemployment than an across the board reduction in the replacement rate. …

effort and benefit sanctions if observed search is deemed insufficient. We find that introducing monitoring and sanctions …

This Paper presents the results of an experimental study on unemployment benefit sanctions. The experimental set …-up allows us to distinguish between the effects of benefit sanctions once they are imposed (the ex post effect) and the effects … that discourage the unemployed from risking benefit sanctions (the ex ante effect). We find that both effects matter …