called the Triad: The United States, the EU and Japan. We focus on measuring possible asymmetries in market access between …

This paper studies the dynamic behaviour of changes in productivity, wages, and prices. Results are based on a new data …. Results are presented for the United States, Japan, and an aggregate called "Europe" consisting of eleven European economies … indices for Japan and Europe. If anything, real wages in Europe and Japan were too flexible rather than too rigid, in the …

decentralized banking that produces exchange credit. Positive shocks to credit productivity and money supply increase velocity, as … money demand falls, while a positive goods productivity shock raises temporary output and velocity. The paper explains such … important for velocity during less stable times and the goods productivity shock more important during stable times. …

' capacity to borrow. Standard productivity shocks can only partially explain the movements in real and financial variables. The …

combinations of factor estimation methods and Factor-MIDAS projections with respect to nowcast performance. Additionally, we …. Our empirical findings show that the factor estimation methods don't differ much with respect to nowcasting accuracy …