focus on the effects of antenatal parental smoking and maternal labor supply net of other maternal behavior and child … characteristics. We find that maternal smoking during pregnancy reduces birth weight and fetal growth, while paternal smoking has …

positive wage effect of about the same size. Smoking and drinking do not affect the wages of females. …

This paper investigates gender differences in smoking behaviour using data from the German Socio-economic Panel (SOEP … part attributable to differences in coefficients. Our results reveal that the major part of the gender smoking differential … is attributable to differences in coefficients indicating substantial differences in the smoking behaviour between men …

findings suggest lower ability bias in within-twin pair regressions than pooled regressions. Third, using data on twins smoking … we show smoking reflects family background and using it as an instrument exacerbates ability bias. …

Three main features characterize the international financial integration of China and India. First, while only having a … small global share of privately-held external assets and liabilities (with the exception of China’s FDI liabilities), these … “short equity, long debt.” Third, China and India have improved their net external positions over the last decade although …

The Great Leap Forward (GLF) disaster, characterized by a collapse of grain output, and the associated famine in China …

development. Evidence from the failed Industrial Revolution in 14th-century China illustrates the empirical relevance of the …

In 1994, China began a profound reform of its state-owned enterprises (SOE). We first describe and characterize this …