environmental regulations can spur more rapid innovation. I present a general framework for the analysis of these questions. I …

sectors (inter-sectoral spillovers), or at the international level. We find that innovation is strongly driven by knowledge … spillovers, especially those occurring at the national level. Wind and solar technologies exhibit distinct innovation … only influential in the case of wind technology. We also find evidence that public R&D stimulates innovation, particularly …

more important for small-firm innovation than for their larger counterparts. …

This paper looks at the interplay between human capital and innovation in the presence of climate and educational … moderate, short-term consumption loss. Human capital is complement to all forms of innovation and an educational policy … stimulates both energy and general purpose innovation. This result has important policy implications considering the growing …

sustainability. We show that the dual democratic mechanism – rejection/support rewards (RSRs) for politicians and elections – can … achieve sustainability. RSRs stipulate that incumbents who are not re-elected, but obtain the majority support among young …

finances of its member states. Yet there is no clear definition of sustainability. The economist’s common use of the term …. In this study, we develop a concept of sustainability focusing on the controllability of public finances. In so doing, we … adopt the approach of the Maastricht Treaty, to assume sustainability as long as a country does not violate the double …

the sustainability of the current global imbalances. …

forward a notion of current account sustainability and compares the experience of three Latin American countries – Chile … sustainability indicators and discusses their usefulness in predicting external crises. …

This paper examines the consequences for the sustainability of fiscal policy of imposing restrictive ceilings on …