deterioration of the health care system, changes in diet and obesity, and material deprivation fail to explain the increase in … survey data, we assess six possible explanations for this upsurge in mortality. Most find little support in the data: the … mortality rates. The two factors that do appear to be important are alcohol consumption, especially as it relates to external …

We examine the relationship between education and mortality in a young population of Italian males. In 1981 several … schooling or lower mortality rates, thus excluding that the main findings reflect direct effects of military service on … subsequent mortality rather than a causal effect of schooling. We conclude that increasing the proportion of high school …

Abstract U.S. fertility rose from a low of 2.27 children for women born in 1908 to a peak of 3.21 children for women … born in 1932. It dropped to a new low of 1.74 children for women born in 1949, before stabilizing for subsequent cohorts …. We propose a novel explanation for this boom-bust pattern, linking it to the huge improvements in maternal health that …

correlated with obesity. Our main result is that, even after controlling for income levels and other factors, we find that high … 'price-sensitivity' for food products is associated with high obesity rates. We find that a woman who stated that prices were … that price was 'very important.' This suggests that the price effect is not trivial and obesity is a problem that is not …

We study the relationship between urban sprawl and obesity. Using data that tracks individuals over time, we find no … evidence that urban sprawl causes obesity. We show that previous findings of a positive relationship most likely reflect a … neighbourhoods. Our results indicate that current interest in changing the built environment to counter the rise in obesity is …

This paper examines the implications for health policy of recent demographic trends. It examines the remarkable …

all result from individual decisions. Parents face a trade-off between the number of children they have and the spending … they can afford on each of them in childhood. These childhood development spending will determine children longevity when … second trade-off in allocating their time between increasing their own human capital and rearing children. The model displays …

better health care implies that mortality could be the source of a poverty trap. In our regressions, adult mortality explains …Analyzing a variety of cross-national and sub-national data, we argue that high adult mortality reduces economic growth … by shortening time horizons. Higher adult mortality is associated with increased levels of risky behaviour, higher …

Payer-driven competition has been widely advocated as a means of increasing efficiency in health care markets. The 1990 …s reforms to the UK health service followed this path. We examine whether competition led to better outcomes for … and space to identify the impact of competition. Using data on mortality as a measure of hospital quality and exploiting …

cardiovascular disorders among eligible workers, suggesting that changes in health-related behavior explain increased mortality among …We estimate the causal effect of early retirement on mortality for blue-collar workers. To overcome the problem of …