Standard media economics models imply that increased platform competition decreases ad levels and that mergers reduce per-viewer ad prices. The empirical evidence, however, is mixed. We attribute the theoretical predictions to the combined assumptions that there is no advertising congestion and...

There is a growing interest in using the discrete choice approach to study oligopolistic competition under product differentiation, and a prominent discrete choic model is the multinomial logit. Here we analyze various aspects of the logit in this context. We first show that the predictions of...

We provide a comparison of the location equilibria in a duopoly model under three alternative solution concepts. The first one is a simultaneous price and location game, the second is a two-stage location-then-price game. Third, we introduce a new solution concept, a two-stage...

Equilibrium prices behave quite differently if consumers single-purchase (buy either Time Magazine or Newsweek) or if some consumers multi-purchase (buy both). Prices are strategic complements under single-purchase, and increase with magazine quality. In a multi-purchase regime prices are...

This paper shows that governments have no incentive to introduce non-tariff barriers when they are free to set tariffs but they do when tariffs are determined cooperatively. We then show three results. First, with trade liberalization, there is a progression from u sing tariffs only to quotas,...