different economies. International comparisons of earnings analyses rely almost exclusively on school attainment measures of … the focus on early-career earnings leads to underestimating the lifetime returns to skills by about one quarter. On … States. Estimates are remarkably robust to different earnings and skill measures, additional controls, and various subgroups …

subsequent earnings. We suggest that labor-market effects may be more imminent for students leaving school directly for the labor … that central exams are indeed associated with higher earnings for students from school types directly bound for the labor …

In the large literature on firm performance, economists have given little attention to entrepreneurs. We use deaths of … performance. Using longitudinal data, we find large and sustained effects of entrepreneurs at all levels of the performance … suggest that an often overlooked factor - individual entrepreneurs - plays a large role in affecting firm performance. …