own innovation. The analysis predicts that the willingness to enforce IPR is U-shaped in a country GDP: small … enforcement of IPR yields a higher level of innovation and global welfare only if the developing country does not innovate. A …

innovation and finds that they are qualitatively different from those found in earlier studies of more generally representative …, only the largest firms were likely to identify patents as the most important method of appropriating innovation returns … regarding the functioning of the existing systems of intellectual property rights when key policy goals include innovation by …