one of the large countries. We simulate the model and calculate consumption allocations, prices, t rade volume, and … tariffs in these two cases considering three different equilibria: Free Trade (FT), Free Trade Area (FTA), and Customs Union …

country and the (developed) rest of the world. Despite labour being the only factor of production in this model, tariffs (in …-voter’s preferred reliance on tariffs versus income taxes in order to effect the desired redistribution. Using data from 44 countries we …

This paper shows that governments have no incentive to introduce non-tariff barriers when they are free to set tariffs … but they do when tariffs are determined cooperatively. We then show three results. First, with trade liberalization, there … is a progression from u sing tariffs only to quotas, and to antidumping constraints (when quotas are jointly eliminated …

raising revenue via taxation may make export subsidies less desirable and import tariffs more desirable. The model is then …