conflict and more intense fighting. …

such as race, gender, or ethnicity is much less acceptable. Why? I develop a simple rent-seeking model of conflict which is …

on the technologies of conflict within each battlefield and the nature of economies or diseconomies in how battlefield … out-comes and costs aggregate in determining payoffs in the overall conflict. …

outside enemy, ‘brothers in arms’ may already anticipate future internal conflict about dividing the spoils of winning …; however, this subsequent internal conflict does not discourage alliance members from expending much effort in the contest …