Much of the literature on externalities has considered taxes and direct regulation as alternative policy instruments … use of taxes and regulation in combination, to control externalities arising from individual consumption behaviour. We … consider cases where taxes are either imperfectly differentiated to reflect individual differences in externalities, or where …

economic institutions and quantitative measures of tertiary education cannot. Under the growth model estimates and plausible … evidence on which education policy reforms may be able to bring about the simulated improvements in educational outcomes. …

data mostly contradict the traditional view that education was a leading source of the seismic social phenomenon of … fixed effects account for time-invariant unobserved heterogeneity, education – but not income or urbanization – is …

that a larger share of Protestants decreased the gender gap in basic education. This result holds when using only the …

Protestant economic history of Becker and Woessmann (2009), where Protestantism first led to better education, which in turn … explanation, where a Protestant work ethic first led to industrialization which then increased the demand for education. …

tools of economics to assess the outcome of efforts to solve education's equal opportunity problem in a range of countries … between education and parental income, the problematic past research on peer effects, tracking, the distribution of … suggests that achieving universal primary and secondary education is both urgently needed and feasible. Will the international …

market. At the same time, education is a time-consuming process, and enrolment and dropout decisions depend on expected … in finding a job. Standard models of job search and education assume that skills can be upgraded instantaneously (and … mostly in the form of on-the-job training) at a fixed cost. This paper models education as a time-consuming process, a …

This paper reviews empirical evidence, especially from Europe, on how education and training policies can be designed … education and schools over vocational and higher education to training and lifelong learning. The available evidence suggests … deliver best results. Designed this way, education and training systems can advance efficiency and equity at the same time. …

computer use for education and communication at home show a positive conditional relationship with student achievement. The …