Why is it that exporter productivity premia (EPP) differ so widely in size? We take this question to the theory and to …

statistical framework, in a panel of 160 countries, we focus on 14 episodes of transition from democracy to autocracy. We find …

We show that drought-induced changes in the intensity of riots lead to moves towards democracy in sub-Saharan Africa …

the period from 1820 to 1938. We find strong support for the ‘threat of revolution theory’. We also find some evidence … theory’, receive little support. …

including a “democratic” clause. The inclusion of such a clause can be interpreted as a political choice to promote democracy …

European Union, a future member must be a stable democracy that respects human rights, the rule of law and the protection of … minorities. The inclusion of such a clause can be interpreted as a political choice to promote democracy. But it can also be …

During the three past decades, most developing countries have opted for both a higher degree of political democracy as … well as increased trade openness. This trend raises the question of the effect of democracy on trade liberalization. To … model has led to a gravity equation so that the expected positive relation between democracy and trade can be tested …