The view that high unemployment in West Germany and other European countries is caused by a path dependence effect - or … "hysteresis" effect - is quite popular among economists. However, because of an identification problem, much of the empirical … is argued that in a cointegration framework it is reasonable to define hysteresis as the absence of weak exogeneity of …

(EMU) led to lower wage growth and lower unemployment in participating countries. Following Grüner’s model, monetary … national business cycles which, in turn, leads to higher unemployment risk. In order to counter-balance this effect, trade … unions lower their claims for wage mark-ups resulting in lower wage growth and lower unemployment. This paper uses …

identification. On the return to work after the birth, mothers’ wages drop by 3 to 5.7 per cent per year of leave. We find negative …

development of wages and employment across skill groups, there is considerable disagreement to explain these trends, in particular …

The paper scrutinizes the role of wages and capital flows for competitiveness in the new EU member states in the …

knowledge sector is bounded, as productivity increases, the economy moves from a “Solovian zone“ where wages increase with … their bliss point can only be made better-off by an increase in diversity. If wages are set by monopoly unions rather than … always reduces employment in the material goods sector. International trade may reduce wages in poor countries and increase …

altruistic managers may offer lower wages and nevertheless build up better social-exchange relationships with their employees …