own innovation. The analysis predicts that the willingness to enforce IPR is U-shaped in a country GDP: small … enforcement of IPR yields a higher level of innovation and global welfare only if the developing country does not innovate. A …

environmentally-related taxes and tradable permits is likely to lead to greater technological innovation than more direct forms of … aspects of product and labour market regulation which have implications for technological innovation, such as product and …

and it assesses the interplay between innovation, human capital, climate change, and education policies. Results indicate …

Longitudinal, disease-level data are used to analyze the impact of pharmaceutical innovation on longevity (mean age at … pharmaceutical innovation increased mean age at death by 0.87 years (10.4 months)-—about 44% of the total increase in longevity … pharmaceutical innovation. The baseline estimate of the cost per life-year gained from pharmaceutical innovation in Greece is $17 …

This paper traces the 11,000 year evolution of infrastructure systems during major periods of innovation, expansion and … millennia, although at times it has been pivotal in bringing innovation, taking risks and driving efficiency. It is argued that … innovation cycles, stressing that only an evolutionary, multi-disciplinary, systems approach embracing technology, finance, and …

We use longitudinal, disease-level data to analyze the impact of pharmaceutical innovation on longevity and medical … expenditure in Sweden, where mean age at death increased by 1.88 years during the period 1997-2010. Pharmaceutical innovation is … the number of drugs to treat a disease, not the number of drug classes. Pharmaceutical innovation also reduced hospital …