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Nineteenth Century Black and Mulatto Physical Activity, Calories, and Life Expectancy
Carson, Scott A. - CESifo - 2014
rates and calories varied with economic development. During the 19th century, black physical activity and net nutrition … expectancy was not likely due to improved nutrition. Physically active farmers had greater BMRs and received more calories per … day than workers in other occupations. Black diets, nutrition, and calories varied by residence, and rural blacks in the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010877689
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Nineteenth Century White Physical Activity and Calories: Socioeconomic Status and Diets
Carson, Scott A. - CESifo - 2014
expectancy increased at the same time that nutrition decreased, indicating that the most important source of increased life … expectancy was not improved nutrition. Physically active farmers had greater BMRs and received more calories per day than workers … in other occupations. White diets, nutrition, and calories varied by residence, and whites in the rural Deep South …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010877756
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Nineteenth Century US Black and White Physical Activity and Nutritional Trends among the Working Class
Carson, Scott A. - CESifo - 2012
Much has been written about 19th century African American and white statures and body mass index values. However, little is known about their physical activity and calories required to sustain height and weight. This paper considers two alternative measures for biological conditions that address...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010559789
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Behavior under Social Pressure: Empty Italian Stadiums and Referee Bias
Pettersson-Lidbom, Per; Priks, Mikael - CESifo - 2007
when they are not. This indicates that referees exhibit home bias caused by social pressure from the spectators. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005196191
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Singin' in the Rain: A Study of Social Pressure on the Soccer Field
Priks, Mikael - CESifo - 2013
Although social pressure may affect the behavior of individuals, it is very hard to evaluate empirically. A soccer field is an attractive testing ground in the sense that both performance and social pressure by spectators are measurable. The drawback is that the number of spectators is an...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010718531
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Animal Spirits and Monetary Policy
Grauwe, Paul De - CESifo - 2008
We develop a behavioral macroeconomic model in which agents use simple but biased rules to forecast future output and inflation. This model generates endogenous waves of optimism and pessimism (“Animal Spirits”) that are generated by the correlation of biased beliefs. We contrast the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005765824
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Reserve Price Formation in Online Auctions
Englmaier, Florian; Schmöller, Arno - CESifo - 2008
We use a unique hand collected data set of 6 258 auctions from the online football manager game Hattrick to study micro-patterns of reserve price formation. We find that chosen reserve prices exhibit both, very sophisticated and “irrational” behavior by the sellers. Reserve prices pick up...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005766032
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Top-Down versus Bottom-Up Macroeconomics
Grauwe, Paul De - CESifo - 2010
I distinguish two types of macroeconomic models. The first type are top-down models in which some or all agents are capable of understanding the whole picture and use this superior information to determine their optimal plans. The second type are bottom-up models in which all agents experience...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008534015
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Macroeconomic Modeling when Agents are Imperfectly Informed
Grauwe, Paul De - CESifo - 2008
individuals use simple rules of thumb (heuristics) to forecast the future inflation and output gap. We compare this model with the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005405712
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Booms and Busts: New Keynesian and Behavioral Explanations
Grauwe, Paul De - CESifo - 2010
Capitalism is characterized by booms and busts. Periods of strong growth in output alternate with periods of declines in economic growth. Every macro-economic theory should attempt to explain these endemic business cycle movements. In this paper I present two paradigms that attempt to explain...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008833912