The volatility of unanticipated output growth in income per capita is detrimental to long-run development, controlling … for initial income per capita, population growth, human capital, investment, openness and natural resource dependence … the black box and conditioning the variance of growth shocks on several country characteristics. Natural resource …

corrects for endogeneity of resource exports and allows resource abundance affect growth. Their results show that resource … exports are no longer significant while the value of subsoil assets has a significant positive effect on growth. But the World … longer significant. However, the same evidence suggests that resource exports or rents boost growth in stable countries, but …

Cross-country regressions suggest that urbanization and FDI are important drivers of growth. However, it is not clear … that primacy eventually hurts growth performance. Since it is tough to interpret cross-country growth regressions, we … growth and unbundling spatial lags matters. Robustness is verified by re-estimating our regressions with fixed effects and …