exit, paying special attention to the recent financial crisis. Our results show that deterioration in the financial … position of firms has increased the hazard of export exit during the crisis. We also find that the sensitivity of export exit …

possibilities single countries perceive in pursuing employment policies. In a setting where trade is driven by comparative … advantages, and thus wagecompetitiveness plays an important role for employment, it is shown that there is a tendency that a bias … arises in employmentpolicies. Policies expanding private employment tend to be used too little, while policies harming …

estimate direct and indirect domestic value added in exports of different types of firm. We find that in China, both state …-owned enterprises (SOEs) and small and medium domestic private enterprises (SMEs) have much higher shares of indirect exports and ratios … of value-added exports to gross exports (VAX), compared to foreign-invested and large domestic private firms. Based on IO …