human capital, and evidence incorporating direct measures of cognitive skills is mostly restricted to early-career workers …-age workers. But this masks considerable heterogeneity across countries. Eight countries, including all Nordic countries, have …. Intriguingly, returns to skills are systematically lower in countries with higher union density, stricter employment protection …

changes in fertility and mortality on the developed world’s demographic transition. The model features three regions – the U ….S., Japan, and the EU-15 – and incorporates age- and time-specific fertility and mortality rates, detailed fiscal institutions … economic consequences of both higher fertility and lower mortality rates. The simulations indicate very minor effects on the …

day than workers in other occupations. Black diets, nutrition, and calories varied by residence, and rural blacks in the … implications are that public sanitation facilities are of greater import than nutrition during economic development. … rates and calories varied with economic development. During the 19th century, black physical activity and net nutrition …

sample covers the period from 1975 through 2003 for different groups of countries, classified according to their income … different for upper, middle, and low- income countries, urbanization, demonstrate a very different impact on emissions for low … and lower-middle-income countries and upper-middle income countries. …

(“strong scale effect”) or the level of per capita income (“weak scale effect”), with far-reaching policy implications. However … has a negligible, possibly negative effect on the long-run growth rate of per capita income. Long-run growth is sustained …

This paper sheds new light on the effects of the minimum wage on employment from a two-sided theoretical perspective …, in which firms’ job offer and workers’ job acceptance decisions are disentangled. Minimum wages reduce job offer … incentives and increase job acceptance incentives. We show that sufficiently low minimum wages may do no harm to employment …

by behavioral adjustments yet which are of considerable importance to one’s quality of life: employment, earnings and …