California disaster. Part of the explanation for these difficulties stems from past successful liberalization and deregulation … experiences in other areas suggesting that competition could provide large benefits to hitherto regulated utilities in local …

factors they perceive as drivers and obstacles to financing SMEs. We also study to what degree competition and the …Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are important for employment and economic activity; however, they are perceived to … banks in both countries. In particular, banks have begun to target SMEs due to the significant competition in the corporate …

telecommunications operator France Telecom was simultaneously subjected to the deregulation of the telecom market in the world and to a …

We consider the regulation of national firms in a common market. Regulators can influence the production of national … that supranational competition can have very different consequences on the rent seeking behaviour of firms, depending on …

unbundling. The theory predicts that an airline’s fares should fall when it introduces a bag fee, but that the full trip price …

This paper investigates strategic interaction among airlines in product-quality choices. Using an instrumental … variables approach, the paper estimates flight-frequency reaction functions, which relate an airline’s frequency on a route to … its own characteristics and to the frequencies of competing airlines. A positive reaction function slope is found in some …

This paper offers the first formal economic analysis of carve-outs under airline antitrust im- munity. Carve-outs are …