federalism in which centralization is less likely to occur where budget referendums are possible. The reason for this result is … that budget referendums reduce the extent to which pro-centralization regions can commit to a low level of spending … delegating the centralization choice to elected poli-cymakers. In addition, it reduces the ability of higher level policy …

decentralization to centralization can affect both the number and the type of lobbies. Under decentralization, if lobbies form they … will always have an effect on policy decision. Under centralization, if lobbies form, lobby competition may completely …

standard-setting with two means of interventionist harmonization: through centralization and through allocation of lawmaking …

-agent framework, it analyzes two alternative policy-decision schemes—‘decentralization’ and ‘centralization’—when ‘knowledge’ consists …

For the procurement of complex goods the early exchange of information is important to avoid costly renegotiation ex … use of negotiations as a procurement mechanism in private industry. …

resources and procurement managers. Due to anti-corruption laws, agents cannot sell contracts or positions that they are …

This paper deals with a Niskanen type of public-procurement agency. It is shown that the procurement game should be … which refers to both investment and production. Welfare-optimal procurement of the project can be attained under relatively …