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Bounds of Unfair Inequality of Opportunity: Theory and Evidence for Germany and the US

Niehues, Judith; Peichl, Andreas - CESifo - 2012

Previous estimates of inequality of opportunity (IOp) are lower bounds because of the unobservability of the full set of endowed characteristics beyond the sphere of individual responsibility. Knowing the true size of unfair IOp, however, is important for the acceptance of (some) inequality and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010548565

Education Policy and Equality of Opportunity

Schütz, Gabriela; Ursprung, Heinrich; Woessmann, Ludger - CESifo - 2005

We provide a measure of equality of educational opportunity in 54 countries, estimated as the effect of family …. Using cross-country variations in education policies and their interaction with family background at the student level, we …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005766306

How Equal Are Educational Opportunities? Family Background and Student Achievement in Europe and the United States

Woessmann, Ludger - CESifo - 2004

. France and Flemish Belgium achieve the most equitable performance for students from different family backgrounds, and Britain …This paper estimates the effects of family-background characteristics on student performance in the US and 17 Western … European school systems. Family background has strong effects both in Europe and the United States, remarkably similar in size …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005406421

Trapped at Home: The Effect of Mothers' Temporary Labor Market Exits on their Subsequent Work Career

Drange, Nina; Rege, Mari - CESifo - 2012

This paper investigates how mothers’ decision to stay at home with young children affects their subsequent work careers. Identification is based on the introduction of the Cash-for-Care program in Norway in 1998, which increased mothers’ incentives to withdraw from the labor market when...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010551015

The Political Economy of Intergenerational Cooperation

Cigno, Alessandro - CESifo - 2005

decisions and intergenerational transfers are governed by self-enforcing family constitutions. We then show that first and …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005181293

The Parental Co-Immunization Hypothesis

Portela, Miguel; Schweinzer, Paul - CESifo - 2013

We attempt to answer a simple empirical question: does having children make a parent live longer? The hypothesis we offer is that a parent’s immune system is refreshed by a child’s infections at a time when their own protection starts wearing thin. With the boosted immune system, the parent...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010711141

Entrepreneurship, Economic Conditions, and the Great Recession

Fairlie, Robert W. - CESifo - 2013

opportunities in the wage/salary sector leaving the net effect on entrepreneurship ambiguous. The most up-to-date microdata … entrepreneurship at the individual level to shed light on this question. Regression estimates indicate that local labor market … conditions are a major determinant of entrepreneurship. Higher local unemployment rates are found to increase the probability …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010877680

How Do Judgmental Overconfidence and Overoptimism Shape Innovative Activity?

Herz, Holger; Schunk, Daniel; Zehnder, Christian - CESifo - 2013

Recent field evidence suggests a positive link between overconfidence and innovative activities. In this paper we argue that the connection between overconfidence and innovation is more complex than the previous literature suggests. In particular, we show theoretically and experimentally that...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010877694

Liquidity Constraints, Household Wealth, and Entrepreneurship Revisited

Fairlie, Robert W.; Krashinsky, Harry A. - CESifo - 2012

A large body research shows a positive relationship between wealth and entrepreneurship and interprets the relationship … entrepreneurship and a different measure of wealth – net housing equity – for the two groups. Second, we examine the liquidity …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010877695

Creative Destruction and Productive Preemption

Norbäck, Pehr-Johan; Persson, Lars; Svensson, Roger - CESifo - 2013

We develop a theory of innovation for entry and sale into oligopoly, and show that inventions of higher quality are more likely to be sold (or licensed) to an incumbent due to strategic product market effects on the sales price. Such preemptive acquisitions by incumbents are shown to stimulate...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010877893