can limit the interference of the large shareholder and can restore manager’s incentive to exert effort to become informed …

work for. We reject, however, the efficient pay hypothesis as CEO pay and the demand for managers increases in Germany in … difficult times when the typical firm size shrinks. We find further that domestic and global competition for managers has …

Incentive compensation induces correlation between the portfolio of managers and the cash flow of the firms they manage …. This correlation exposes managers to risk and hence gives them an incentive to hedge against the poor performance of their … using financial markets and shareholders cannot perfectly monitor the manager’s portfolio in order to keep him from hedging …

with the evolution in executive pay and the market for managers during earlier time periods. A case study of General …

result of powerful managers setting their own pay. Others interpret high pay as the result of optimal contracting in a …

findings suggest that, when managers engage in wasteful capital expenditures, welfare may decline if the cost of investment is …