research arising from the genome case, the paper shows that in some fundamental research areas, where knowledge externalities …

duration is short, the increase in monopolist’s profits and entry cost saving dominate the reduction in consumer welfare, which … affects total welfare positively. If protection duration is long, dynamic efficiency gains, i.e., the delay of subsequent … entry and savings on entry costs impact total welfare positively. …

enforcement of IPR yields a higher level of innovation and global welfare only if the developing country does not innovate. A … own innovation. The analysis predicts that the willingness to enforce IPR is U-shaped in a country GDP: small …

This paper analyzes the optimal protection strategy for an innovator of a complex innovation who faces the risk of … imitation by a competitor. We suppose that the innovation can be continuously fragmented into sub-innovations. We characterize … the optimal mix of patent and trade secrets when the innovator faces a strict novelty requirement and can only patent a …

imitators to innovators, may reduce both designer profits and welfare. The model provides possible explanations for the dearth …

This paper analyzes the setting of national patent policies in the global economy. In the standard model with free … trade and social-welfare-maximizing governments à la Grossman and Lai (2004), cross-border positive policy externalities … induce individual countries to select patent strengths that are weaker than is optimal from a global perspective. The paper …

increasing its exports. Welfare in the South would rise (fall) if that country has high (low) absorptive capacity. Excessively … strong IPR diminish competition and welfare, however. Adding foreign direct investment as an additional channel of technology …

We develop a theory of innovation for entry and sale into oligopoly, and show that inventions of higher quality are …