provides an important role model for China, this paper studies the role of the yen/dollar exchange rate for Japanese monetary …

Due to opaque information and weak enforcement in emerging loan markets, the need for collateral is high, whereas … borrowers lack adequate assets to pledge as collateral. How is this puzzle solved? We find for a representative sample from … Northeast Thailand that indeed most loans do not include any tangible assets as collateral. Instead, lenders enforce collateral …

identify two possible transmission channels from financial shocks to FDI: (i) a collateral channel, whereby changes in the … value of collateral affect investors’ ability to borrow; and (ii) a lending channel, whereby changes in bank health affect …