We study the nature of individual demands for environmental regulation and for trade openness in the general … afford private mitigation of the adverse consequences of pollution is a central feature of the analysis. Private mitigation … leads to an endogenous, unequal distribution of the health-related consequences of pollution across income groups in a …

ton of CO2 (for year 2010), reflecting primarily health co-benefits from reduced air pollution at coal plants and, in some … exposure to pollution) and differentiated pricing of CO2 emissions therefore yields higher net benefits (by 23 percent) than …

20% increase in accident-related injuries, a 14% increase in particle pollution, and an 11% increase in hospital …

externalities associated with energy use—global warming, local air pollution, and various side effects (e.g., congestion) from motor …

either mitigate the health consequences of domestic pollution privately or reduce pollution collectively through public … ordinary citizens. The recognition that the health consequences of pollution can be dealt with privately at a cost adds an … important dimension to the analysis of the political economy of environmental regulation, especially for an open economy. When …

consumption options and show how optimal regulation evolves over time. In our base setting where social and private learning …

which exhibits distortions due to pollution, external landfilling costs and inefficient product design. The allocative …

pollution. …