) is the predominant pattern in observed trade policy. L&P (2007) propose that governments seek to reduce inequality … policies are significant determinants of current trade-distorting policy, suggesting the presence of policy persistence. We … conclude that it is difficult to generalise determinants of trade-distorting policy across a wide and long panel of countries …

former policy with a firm price ceiling – fixing the unit price of quota at $25,000. These policies represent a significant … production quota values; and second, to assess the welfare and distributional effects of each of the two quota policy schemes … there are several alternative policy options that could minimize efficiency losses while moderating the escalation in quota …

In a meta-analysis of trade policy models, Hess and von Cramon-Taubadel (2008) use over 5800 simulated welfare effects … from 110 studies of potential Doha Development Agenda outcomes to identify characteristics of models, data and policy … model response. Especially in the CGE model, interaction terms between elasticities and policy variables are important. We …