analysis suggests significant differences in the probability of downward occupational mobility by gender, immigration status … market position at the time of immigration, but are also able to reach their original occupational status much faster than …

Since the mid 1960s the Netherlands has an immigration surplus, mainly because of manpower recruitment from Turkey and … Morocco and because of immigration from the former Dutch colony of Surinam. Immigrant workers have a weak labour market …

legalization programs mandated by the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 led to a stronger propensity to settle permanently …

-skilled occupations than natives, but the gap between the two groups decreased in the 1980’s. Given the high self-employment rates of this …-skilled natives are more likely to be self-employed than high-skilled immigrants. Models of the self-employment decision, controlling …, national origin and ethnicity, are estimated. Evidence of positive enclave effects on self-employment probabilities is found …

sorting into the sectors, models of the self-employment decision are estimated. Variables for the proportion of immigrants in … the population and average earnings ratios are used as instruments to control for self-selection into self-employment and …

Since the mid-1960’s the Netherlands has had an immigration surplus, mainly because of manpower recruitment from Turkey … and Morocco and immigration from the former Dutch colony of Surinam. Immigrants have a weak labor market position, which …

for which they are eligible? The answer is politically important, but because most current research on immigration and …