Slower growth, or even a decline, of the labour force and an increase in old-age dependency will slow down the growth of aggregrate output and output per capita in many developed countries. However, a major question is whether there is any systematic link between demographics and the...

Implicit pension debt involved in existing pay-as-you-go public pension schemes is nowadays seen as an important determinant of the long-term sustainability of general government finances. Explicit up-dated calculations regarding its size are however largely lacking. The present paper takes up...