Specific supply-chain investments are vital in achieving faster lead-time performance and more competitive costs. In …, leading to open questions. In this paper, we study the organizational and contractual choice of a supply chain coordinator …, information or product standards, etc) to a contract manufacturer (CM) or to an upstream supplier in a three-stage supply chain …

reinvestments in new assets with higher on-grid and off-grid functionality in order to promote energy efficiency and low … useage, will change. In this paper, we chararcterize some of the effects of new asset investments policy on the network tasks … assessment and should avoid wide delegation of contracting-billing for smart-grid investments. …

desired, reducing the supply of publicly supplied goods is the most effective tool. That change also increases the average …