governmental funding and an increase in regulations; and the introduction of student fees into the previously exclusively … diversify the sources, and more controversially, to allow universities to set their own fees. At the same time, it continues to …

Variable fees at the graduate and undergraduate levels are a topic of discussion in the US and in the EU as part of a … larger movement towards increasing the role of fees in the funding of public universities. This essay describes this … implications of variable fee structures. Here we argue that much of the movement toward increased fees in places such as the US and …

Fees will become an increasingly important funding source for public universities in the UK and throughout the OECD … and Wales will charge variable fees within limits set by a defined cap and by ministry demands for increases in …