As European energy markets move towards deregulation, energy prices shift from classic ‘cost plus' prices towards market prices. Read also the accompanying <a href="http://www.cpb.nl/en/pressrelease/3213211/competition-lowers-energy-expenditures-end-users">press release</a>. We develop a model for the retail and wholesale energy markets in Europe, based on Bertrand competition in a two part...

With the ongoing liberalization and integration of European energy markets and the increasing worries about security of supply, the need for thorough economic analysis of electricity markets is growing. Elmar is a model for the European electricity market, taking into account imperfect...

In this memorandum a number of frequently asked questions are answered about oil and the world economy In July 2007 the memorandum of December 2004 was updated.

This paper analyses the welfare effects of vertical integration of networks and trade in energy markets. Vertical integration reduces the effect of double marginalisation, thus increasing welfare. On the other hand, vertical integration hinders equal competition, rendering the vertically...

This report analyses the effects of Depreciation at Will (DAW) on offshore gas production, government budget and employment in the gas industry. The DAW enables firms to accelerate deprecation of investments in platforms and other offshore equipment. The interest advantage due to the postponed...

This Document describes the background and the rationale of the European Union for pursuing liberalised energy markets, explains why this policy goal is not achieved yet, and discusses recent developments and some of the future challenges faced by political decision makers. Read also the...