analysis and a measure of innovativity comparable to that of total factor productivity. This innovation accounting framework is …

reexamined the causality direction between R&D and patents, using data on contemporaneous and four-year lagged patent … of the count data for patent applications. We find that patents Granger-cause R&D in all specifications. One additional … patent increases R&D four years later by 7.5%. The reverse causality from R&D to patents vanishes as soon as we depart in one …

, process and organizational innovation), which ultimately feeds into a productivity equation. We find that ICT investment and … product innovation in manufacturing. The strongest productivity effects are derived from organizational innovation. We find …

This paper introduces dynamics in the R&D to innovation and innovation to productivity relationships, which have mostly … conditional mean of labor productivity: through an observed binary indicator, an observed intensity variable or through the … Community Innovation Survey. The results provide evidence of robust unidirectional causality from innovation to productivity and …