of retirement, as it uses pension wealth - the value of all transfers during retirement. This captures the impact of both … longevity and changes in the value of pensions during retirement. Moreover, rather than focusing only on average earners with … offset by longer retirement. Though reforms have helped address the financial challenge faced by pension systems, in many …

across EU Member States and identifies policy initiatives that would encourage more flexible and later retirement. The … countries, close to one-half of those of 50 and over are either unemployed or inactive, with reliance either on early retirement … retirement age and this is likely to induce older workers to work longer. There is already some evidence that the effective …

trend is that the retirement incomes drawn from the public pension systems are on the decline, the changes are likely to … their working career if they want to avoid greater risks of poverty during retirement. …

just those at the point of retirement, this approach can provide additional insights on the efficacy of pension systems in … individuals above the 60% relative poverty threshold throughout retirement. Our simulations suggest that the gradual negative … lengthening of the time spent in receipt of retirement benefits. The consumption smoothing function of state pensions has declined …

just those at the point of retirement, this approach can provide additional insights on the efficacy of pension systems in … individuals above the 60% relative poverty threshold throughout retirement. Our simulations suggest that the gradual negative … lengthening of the time spent in receipt of retirement benefits. The consumption smoothing function of state pensions has declined …

pension benefits through retirement) calculated using more realistic labour market assumptions. These measures are used to …

pension benefits through retirement) calculated using more realistic labour market assumptions. These measures are used to …