monitors’). We review the literature on the relative merits of punishment and rewards when the distribution of incentive power …Recent work in experimental economics on the effectiveness of rewards and punishments for promoting cooperation mainly … evidence showing how concentrating reward/punishment power in one group member affects cooperation. …

employee after she has inspected the employee. We find that rewards or sanctions can both discourage shirking, and have similar … and the efficiency gains accrue to employers. In games allowing rewards employers actively reward employees for working … and the efficiency gains are shared more equitably. A treatment where employers can combine sanctions and rewards leads to …

/or rewards following an inspection, we find that both instruments are equally effective in reducing shirking and increasing joint … earnings. When employers have discretion to reward and/or sanction independently of whether they inspect we find that rewards … are more effective than sanctions. In treatments where employers can combine sanctions and rewards employers rely mainly …

We report evidence from public goods experiments with and without punishment which we conducted in Russia with 566 … cooperation-enhancing effect of punishment. An important reason is that there is substantial spiteful punishment of high …

We report evidence from public goods experiments with and without punishment which we conducted in Russia with 566 … cooperation-enhancing effect of punishment. An important reason is that there is substantial spiteful punishment of high …