country of origin and distinguish between firm-level outsourcing of final versus intermediate goods. Results indicate that … China is different from both other low-wage and OECD countries. Industry-level import competition and firm-level outsourcing … Belgian firm survival, while firm-level outsourcing of finished goods to China even increased firm's probability of survival …

This paper investigates the impact of outsourcing on sectoral reallocation in the U.S. over the period 1948 … more than 90% of its output is an intermediate input to other firms, and it is where most of the service outsourcing … of the input-output structure, which is mostly due to professional and business services outsourcing, accounts for 36% of …