regimes. The results point to an important role for patents and other policy choices in driving the diffusion of new …

Using new data on citations to university patents and scientific publications, we study how geography affects … university knowledge spillovers. Citations to patents decline sharply with distance up to about 150 miles and are strongly …

cumulative innovation. This paper studies the effects of strategic patenting on R&D, patenting and market value in the computer … evidence that both strategic patenting and R&D spillovers strongly affect innovation and market value of software firms. …

innovation. Unlike previous literature based on survey data, we exploit the observed pattern of contributions - the .revealed … preference. of developers - to infer the underlying incentives driving the decision to contribute source code. Using detailed …

, and local development objectives of technology license offices. Royalty incentives work both by raising faculty effort and … sorting scientists across universities. The effect of incentives works primarily by increasing the quality (value) rather than …

We study how the market for innovation affects enforcement of patent rights. Conventional wisdom associates the gains … individually-owned patents in the U.S., we exploit variation in capital gains tax rates as an instrument to identify the causal … reduces litigation risk, on average. The impact of trade on litigation is heterogeneous, however. Patents with larger …

's known as process innovation. Tim Leunig and Joachim Voth measure the impact of two such innovations - mechanical cotton …