We use a duopoly to show how the possibility of licensing ex post R&D affects the decision on R&D organization. We show that whether licensing ex post R&D affects the incentive for doing cooperative R&D depends on the nature of cooperative R&D. If the firms do cooperative R&D to avoid...

We consider the possibility of forming a joint venture (JV) between a local firm and a foreign multinational in a situation when there is no current gain from such an arrangement. In the presence of policy uncertainty and threat of entry, a current period formation of JV with the multinational,...