This paper examines the changing roles of universities against current policy and institutional landscapes in Japan … science and innovation policies. The variety of forms of university-industry linkages and spatial relationships that … universities are forming with regional stakeholders are illustrated. The development of a new research system in Japan throughout …

industries in countries with different financial systems; the US (with a market based financial system) and Japan (with a more … to R&D productivity in common with Japan. This may be interpreted as these industries’ are taking a ‘longer term view’ on … their research than the US’. The sensitivity to cash flow, however, is possibly more pronounced in Sweden than in Japan and …

plagued by low pay-off in relation to very high investments in R&D and innovation efforts. Using new data, we show that this … related to the Swedish paradox. We take account of the history of innovation policy in Sweden and – on the basis of the …

Smart specialisation as a strategic approach for an innovation-driven regional development policy is extremely … policy approach. We will discuss the role of different modes of innovation and knowledge bases for different types of new … western parts of Norway, which has been successful economically despite low scores on the typical innovation indicators. The …

&D centres in developing countries. The existing and rather limited literature on globalization of innovation provides four …/regional system of innovation. The empirical research presented in this paper reveals that none of these arguments can fully explain … innovation systems framework. …

innovation indicator, respectively. Three conclusions emerge. First, we find that the specification where innovations per capita … with regional R&D. In fact, quantile regressions over the distribution of different patenting and innovation levels per …&D. Secondly, accessibility to inter-regional R&D do not affect innovation significantly in our results, which suggests that …