Against the popular perception that the New Order economic policymaking was subservient to the interests of capital and oriented towards the market, empirical analysis suggests that economic policymaking of the era was indeed centralistic and state-centered. While capital owners could influence...

This paper examines problems and policies in regard to energy development under regional autonomy, distributions - in the sense of distributional or equity issues, poverty alleviation, subsidies, and corporate social responsibilities. The paper examines the problem from a simplified perspective,...

This paper presents an illustrative analysis of the crisis from a macroeconomic perspective, by focusing on the various economic adjustments both in the real and monetary sectors. It argues that the complex nature of the political and economic reform process has resulted in sub - optimal growth...