The nature of the seventeenth-century Mughal state and its land revenue taxation system has become a matter of controversy in recent years. Irfan Habib and his followers dominated thinking on this subject from the sixties onwards. They saw the regime as highly centralized and essentially...

[...]The aim of the project was to collectdetailed information on the incomesreceived week-by-week over acomplete year by a sample of families.• So far as we know, a study of thiskind had not been carried out before.In preparation for the main stage ofthe study, a pilot survey was started...

This paper examines the decline of National Insurance in Britain, as witnessedby its declining share of all social security spending and the steady dilution ofthe “contributory principle” on which it was originally based. It argues that thisdecline is not an accident: under governments of...