This 2005 Article IV Consultation highlights that the economic activity in Jamaica has been adversely affected by shocks. Real GDP contracted sharply in late 2004 following the devastating effects of Hurricane Ivan. Thereafter, while output recovered, it was dampened by the poor performance of...

This 2013 Article IV Consultation highlights that in recent years, the Indonesian economy has benefited from a supportive global economic environment, namely in the form of a rise in commodity prices and strong growth in emerging markets. However, these conditions have been less supportive...

Staff Report for the 2012 Article IV consultation, prepared by a staff team of the IMF, following discussions that ended on July 23, 2012, with the officials of Sudan on economic developments and policies. Based on information available at the time of these discussions, the staff report was...

This 2008 Article IV Consultation highlights that rapid domestic demand growth in Ukraine pushed the economy beyond its capacity in 2007–08, leading to accelerating inflation. The demand expansion, fed by fiscal and income policies and a capital-inflow driven surge in money and credit...

Turkey’s Fifth Review and Inflation Consultation under the Stand-By Arrangement and a Request for Waiver of Nonobservance and Applicability of Performance Criteria are discussed. Despite sharply higher interest rates, a weaker lira, and lower asset prices, economic activity has remained...

This paper discusses Kenya’s Sixth and Final Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Extended Credit Facility. Fiscal consolidation and the introduction of major reforms contributed to the program’s success despite emerging challenges. All end-June 2013 quantitative...

Jordan’s external vulnerabilities, arising mainly from the energy sector, increased during the last decade. Aided by exceptionally large grants, fiscal policy accommodated the social impact of these shocks. Concerns about social tensions at the beginning of the year put on hold the needed...

This 2013 Article IV Consultation highlights that Sudan’s economic performance in 2012 was unfavorable despite the introduction in June 2012 of a package of reforms. Non-oil real GDP growth slowed to 4.6 percent, inflation rose to 44.4 percent by the end of the year, and the gap between...

Despite a stern global financial crisis and fiscal imbalances within the country, Albania's prudent policies supported its economy to grow and safeguarded the soundness of the financial system. The Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) encouraged the authorities to use...

This paper presents findings of the Third Review under the poverty reduction and growth facility arrangement for Kenya. The sharp spending increase budgeted for 2007/08 could exert pressures on domestic prices and compromise project quality, but the authorities are taking steps to mitigate these...